典型绿洲区土壤盐分的空间变异特征

针对绿洲区存在的土壤盐化制约干旱区农业可持续发展问题，应用面域土壤信息调研采集，结合地统计学与GIS技术对新疆典型绿洲区土壤盐分空间变异特征进行研究。研究结果表明：0～30 cm耕层土壤盐分呈现强变异性，30 cm以下土层呈现中等变异。各土层土壤盐分均呈现中等空间自相关性，空间相关距离在24～28 km范围内。各等级盐化土在不同深度土层的分布方位基本一致。各土层非盐化土面积均占主导地位，都占研究区总面积的69%以上；其次为轻度盐化土面积，占研究区总面积的19%～30%；各土层中度盐化土面积都在3.4%以下；重度盐化土仅在0～30 cm土层有极少量分布。随着土层深度的增加，非盐化土和中度盐化土的面积逐渐减小，轻度盐化土面积逐渐增大。本研究对于指导干旱区绿洲农业生产、保障区域土壤资源可持续合理利用具有重要的理论价值和明确的实际应用前景。

Spatial variation characteristics of soil salinity in typical oasis region

Soil salinization constraints the sustainable development of oasis agriculture in arid area. This study focus on exploring spatial variation of soil salinity in typical oasis region by geostatistical method combined with GIS technique. The main results indicated that soil salinity of 0-30cm topsoil showed strong variability while that of deeper soil layers showed moderate variability. Soil salinity of each layer (0-30, >30-60 or >60-100 cm) demonstrated moderate spatial autocorrelation, and the spatial correlated distances were in the range of 24-28 km. Salinity of certain grade for different layers approximately occupied the same orientation. In every soil layer, the non-salinized soil area occupied a dominant area, accounting for more than 69% of the total, with mild salinized soil followed, accounting for 19% to 30% of the total area, and the moderate salinized soil area of was less than 3.4% while heavy salinized soil only in the 0-30 cm soil layer had very small distribution. With soil depth increasing, the area of non-salinized or moderate salinized soil gradually reduced, while mild salinized soil area increased. This study has important theoretical values for oasis agriculture in arid area and sustainable utilization of soil resources in regional scale, and thus has clear practical application prospects.