山西省中北部春玉米合理施用氮磷的研究

针对山西省中北部春玉米生产特点,进行了氮磷用量及配比试验,试验结果表明:低产田、中下等田和中上等田以每hm2施188kgN和112kgP2O5(N:P2O5=1:0.6)增产效果最好,高产田以每hm2施167kgN和133kgP2O(5 N:P2O5=1:0.8)增产效果最好,同时,每生产100kg玉米籽粒吸收N、P2O5、K2O的量与籽粒产量存在极显著的线性正相关性,但施入氮磷肥后,其利用率与氮磷化肥的分别投入量有密切关系,而且均在化肥有效养分总投入量为225kg/hm2时最高。氮肥利用率在中下等田、中上等田和高产田中以N:P2O5为1:0.8时最高,在低产田中以N:P2O5为1:0.6时最高;磷肥利用率随着磷肥用量的增加和氮肥用量的减少而呈下降趋势,且所有地力水平的磷肥利用率在氮肥配比相同时相差较小。

Research on Rational Application of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizer in Spring Corn Yield of North-central Shanxi Province

In view of the production feature of spring corn in north-central Shanxi,the paper carries on the matching test of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer,which shows that: When N:P2O5= 1:0.6,it is best of the effect of increased production of low yield field and medium yield field.When N: P2O5=1:0.8,it is best of the effect of increases production of high yield field.Meanwhile,there exists remarkable linear correlation between the corn grain's absorbed dose of fertilizer and grain yield.But after fertilizing fertilizer,there is an affinity between its utilization ratio and input amount.The utilization ratio of phosphorus fertilizer presents a downtrend along with the increase of nitrogen dose and the decrease of phosphorus dose.