利用mtDNA细胞色素b分析贵州山羊的系统发育

试验选取贵州山羊4个群体(共55只),设计引物对其mtDNA细胞色素b基因片段进行测序,测序结果与GenBank报道的8个山羊品种mtDNA细胞色素b基因进行比对分析。结果发现,在55只贵州山羊中有11个变异位点,其中转换10次,T/G颠换1次;10种单倍型中有7种单倍型为1个群体独享,3种单倍型为多个群体共享。4个山羊类群间存在较近的亲缘关系,既是独立的类群,其间也存在基因交流,其中贵州黑山羊和贵州麻羊的亲缘关系最近,与贵州白山羊的亲缘关系次之,与贵州小香羊的亲缘关系最远。从山羊品种间遗传距离构建的邻接树可见,贵州4个山羊类群均起源于镰刀状角羊骨羊。

To Analyze the Phylogeny of the Guizhou Goats by mtDNA Cytochrome b Gene

The complete sequence of mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b gene was amplified and sequenced from the 55 samples in 4 Guizhou goats population， and compared and analyzed with mtDNA cytochrome b gene of 8 goat breeds downloaded from GenBank . Sum to 11 variable sites were found in 55 individuals of Guizhou goats of which converted 10 times， T/G transversion 1 time. There were 7 kinds of haplotypes of 10 as a group of exclusive，and three kinds of haplotypes were shared by multiple groups. 4 goats breeds closer genetic relationship existed between both independent breed， during the same time， there were also genetic exchange. Guizhou Black goat was the closest to Guizhou Ma goat，next to Guizhou White goat，furthest to Guizhou Xiaoxiang goat. From NJ tree based on matrix dA among goat breees can know that 4 goat breeds had arisen from Capra aegagrus.