江苏省鳑鮍属(Rhodeus)鱼类的研究

作者对4000多尾从江苏各地采集的鳑鮍属(Rhodeus)鱼类标本进行了研究,通过内部特征(下咽齿、肠长度、鳃耙数)和外部特征(斑纹、色泽等)的比较,认为(1)中华鳑鮍RhodeussinensisG櫣nther(1868)是有效种,它与高体鳑鮍Rhodeusocellatus(Kner,1866)在鳃耙数、肠长度和鳃孔后上方黑点有无等方面的区别是明显的;(2)过去一直被认为是有效种的彩石鳑鮍Rhodeuslighti(Wu,1931)是中华鳑鮍的同物异名;(3)江苏已知产三种,即方氏鳑鮍Rhodeusfangi(Miao,1934)、中华鳑鮍和高体鳑鮍。

Fishes of genus Rhodeus Agassiz in Jiangsu Province, China

In the past two years, we did some systematic researches on the genus Rhodeus from Jiangsu Province. Material is consisted of over four thousand specimens, most of them were collected from September 2002 to September 2004, others from academic collections. Compared with their external and internal characters, we draw the following conclusions: Rhodeus sinensis Günther (1868) is a valid species, we can draw a distinction between Rhodeus sinensis and Rhodeus ocellatus from the following characters:1) A distinct spot behind the upper angle of the gill opening (vs no spot);2) 6-8 gill rakers on the first arch (vs 12-16); 3) SL 1.0-1.6 in gut length (vs 3.6-7.2);4) Yellow in male pectoral fin and ventral fin (vs red); 5) The male anal fin edged with wide black shirt (vs slim ). Rh. sinensis Günther and Rh. lighti(Wu) are the same species, they have a lot of similar characters: 1) A distinct spot behind the upper angle of the gill opening; 2) Pharyngeal teeth with serrated form; 3) 6-8 gill rakers on the first arch; 4) Similar SL in gut length (1.14-1.58 and 1.00-1.44); 5) Silvery blue lateral bands along the middle of body without reaching the starting point of dorsal fin. The key to species of the three species of Rhodeus in Jiangsu Province are as follows: 1(2) The dark lateral band along the middle of body reaching the starting point of dorsal finRhodeus fangi(Miao) 2(1) The dark lateral band along the middle of body without reaching the starting point of dorsal fin 3(4) A distinct dark spot behind the upper angle of the gill opening; 6-8 gill rakers on the first arch; short in gut, 1.0-1.7 times longer in SLRhodeus sinensis Günther 4(3) No distinct dark spot behind the upper angle of the gill opening; 12-16 gill rakers on the first arch; longer in gut, 3.6-7.2 times longer in SLRhodeus ocellatus (Kner)