河口植胶区橡胶树根病发生特点及综合治理分析

通过对河口植胶区先后3次较全面详细的橡胶树根病普查资料及2012年割胶林根病区普查资料统计分析得出：河口植胶区50多年来橡胶树根病发生呈现危害重、受害面广、根病种类不断增加及病害整体呈不断扩展蔓延上升态势等特点；充分暴露出复垦胶园病区多，橡胶树根病更加突出，新植幼林第2年，甚至第1年就出现根病危害，第7年根病累计发病率已达到3.1%。并从橡胶树根病治理难度大、成本高、见效慢、效果差，治理工作难以坚持，以及农垦改革后各单位根病调查和治理工作基本停止或得不到重视等方面阐明目前生产上橡胶树根病综合治理存在的现状和问题。提出进一步完善体制和经营机制，建立健全橡胶树根病治理制度；加强宣传教育，提高管理人员对橡胶树根病危害性认识；增加橡胶树根病综合治理和胶林复垦的投入；加强橡胶树根病综合治理新技术研究与推广应用等建议和对策，以便真正把橡胶树根病治理落到实处，更快更好促进我国天然橡胶产业可持续、健康、安全发展。

Developing Characteristics and Integrated Control of Rubber Tree Root Disease in Hekou Rubber Plantation Areas

It is obtained that the occurring and developing characteristics of rubber tree root disease in Hekou rubber plantation area is heavily harmful, wide area occurrence, more types and extensional boundaries within 50 years by 3 overall and detailed general survey and open-tapping rubber trees' survey in 2012. And the re-cultivated plantation has more infected patches. Especially, 2nd-year-young-rubber-tree even 1st-year-young-rubber-tree has infected root disease. So accumulative total incidence of disease is 3.1% up to 7th year. The current situation and existential questions of integrated management against rubber tree root disease, viz. difficult management, high cost, slow and low effect, non persistent control, stopped survey and depreciated management after farming cultivate-innovation is expounded. The advice and countermeasures, such as perfecting system and managerial mechanism, establishing and improving management of rubber tree root disease system, increasing administrative staff's cognizance of harm of rubber tree root disease, increasing investment for management and re-cultivated plantation, strengthening research and transmission of new techniques for management of rubber tree root disease are put forward. Through the measures above, our rubber industry can develop sustainably, healthily and safely in prospect.