中国75个国审小麦品种抗条锈基因推导

为明确通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定的75个小麦品种对条锈病抗病基因状况，根据供试品种与21个来自不同国家或地区条锈菌菌系的互作反应，与已知基因载体品种侵染型进行比较。结果显示，在已知抗条锈病基因中，Yr1、Yr2、Yr3、Yr5、Yr6、Yr7、Yr8、Yr9、Yr17、Yr27、YrA、Yr25、YrSu、YrSp、YrSk等基因以单基因或基因组合形式分布在49个小麦品种（系）中，Yr3所占比例为26.7%，Yr2为20.0%，Yr2、Yr3以基因组合形式存在的占14.7%；其次，携带Yr9的品种有12个，占16.0%；携带Yr1、YrSp的品种各10个，均占13.6%；其余推导出的抗条锈病基因比例均在10.0%以下。镇麦8号、宁麦15和生选6号感染所有菌系，推导其不含有已知抗条锈病基因。

Gene postulation of stripe rust resistance genes of 75 Chinese commercial wheat cultivars

In order to investigate the yellow rust resistant genes (Yr genes) of 75 wheat cultivars approved to be released by the National Crop Variety Approval Committee (NCVAC) of China, seedlings of 75 Chinese commercial wheat cultivars were inoculated with 21 Pst isolates from different countries or regions to postulate yellow rust resistance genes (Yr) under greenhouse conditions. The results showed that a total of 16 seedling yellow rust resistance genes or gene combinations (Yr1, Yr2, Yr3, Yr5, Yr6, Yr7, Yr8, Yr9, Yr17, Yr27, YrA, Yr25, YrSu, YrSp, YrSkand YrSk) were postulated in 49 wheat cultivars. Of the Yr genes identified among the 75 wheat lines, Yr3 was the most frequent (26.7%), followed by Yr2 and Yr9 (20.0 and 16.0%, respectively). Yr2 and Yr3 were postulated at a ratio of 14.7% in combinations. Gene Yr1 and YrSp were each present in 13.6% and the other postulated Yr genes were below 10.0%. Zhenmai 8, Ningmai 15 and Shengxuan 6 were susceptible to all Pst strains, as a result of no known Yr genes could be postulated.