昆虫抗药性机制研究进展

由于杀虫剂的长期使用,昆虫产生的抗药性已成为农林虫害治理面临的重大问题。研究昆虫抗药性机制有助于为农林害虫防控、资源昆虫抗性品系选育及新型杀虫剂研发提供科学指导。长期以来,人们通过对模式昆虫、卫生昆虫和农林害虫的研究,对昆虫的代谢抗性、靶标抗性有了一定认识,继而利用分子生物学手段克隆、分析了一些抗性相关基因,目前正从基因组学角度去深入阐明昆虫抗药性机制。结合近年来的研究成果,由昆虫抗药性涉及的主要解毒酶入手,对昆虫抗药性形成的生理生化及分子生物学机制作一综述。

Research Progress on Mechanism of Insect Resistance to Insecticides

Drug resistance in insects has become a major problem faced by pest control in agriculture and forestry due to long term use of insecticides.Studies on insect resistance mechanism could provide scientific guidance for prevention and control of agricultural and forestry pests,selection and breeding of resistant strains in resource insect,and exploitation of novel insecticides.Primary understanding on the metabolic resistance and target-site resistance has been obtained through studying the model insects,medical insects,agricultural and forestry pests.And a number of genes related to drug resistance have been cloned and analyzed using molecular biological methods.At present,further research is being conducted to elucidate mechanism of insect resistance to insecticides in view of genomics.Based on the research achievements of recent years,this article summarizes physiological,biochemical,and molecular mechanisms contributing to the formation of drug resistance with emphasis on analyzing the major detoxification enzymes involved in drug resistance.