东北地区春玉米物候期时空动态变化特征

利用1981～2012年东北地区农业气象观测站的物候期观测记录,分析春玉米关键生育期及不同生育阶段的空间分布及变化趋势,为春玉米种植的适应策略提供支撑。研究结果表明,东北地区春玉米平均播种期、拔节期、开花期及成熟期日序的变化范围分别为112～139、170～193、196～213和249～270 d,物候期空间分布整体表现为纬度越高物候期越迟的趋势。播种期、拔节期、开花期及成熟期的倾向率分别在-0.53～0.8、-0.4～0.5、-0.7～0.65和-0.22～0.65 d/年。各生育期长度的空间分布差异不明显,营养生长期、并进期、生殖生长期及全生育期长度的范围分别为42～70、17～31、47～62、119～155 d。营养生长期倾向率大多在0～0.7 d/年,并进期倾向率大多在-0.88～0.48 d/年,生殖生长期倾向率大多在0～0.76 d/年,全生育期倾向率大多在0～0.5 d/年。

Changes of Spring Maize Phenology from 1981 to 2012 in the Northeast Plain of China

In this study, the spatial distribution and variation trend of spring maize key growth period and different growth stages were analyzed using the phenological observation records of agricultural meteorological observation stations in Northeast China from 1981 to 2012, to support the adaptation strategy of spring maize cultivation. The study shows that:The average sowing period, jointing stage, flowering period and maturing date of spring maize in Northeast China were 112-139,170-193,196-213and 249-270 d,and the spatial distribution of phenological period showed that the phenological period delayed as the dimension increases. The tendency of sowing period, jointing stage, flowering period and maturing date of spring maize was between (-0.53)-0.8,(-0.4)-0.5,(-0.7)-0.65 and (-0.22)-0.65 d/year. The spatial distribution of the growth period was not obvious. The length of the vegetative growth period, the period of growth, the period of reproductive growth and the growth period were 42-70, 17-31, 47-62, 119-155 d. The trend of vegetative growth was mostly in the range of 0-0.7 d/year, and the trend of progressive trend was mostly between (-0.88)-0.48 d/year, the reproductive tendency tendency was mostly in 0-0.76 d/year, the overall growth rate of most of the 0-0.5 d/year.