简易高效油棕杂交方法研究

为研发一种适用的油棕杂交授粉方法,根据油棕花序的特点,设计了两种花序杂交套袋(无纺布为材料,规格100～120 g,袋子顶端封口,底端开口,中间缝一拉链,拉链底部距袋子开口底端约25～30 cm)。花序开放5～7 d前进行套袋,在雄花序开放时收集花粉,过74μm筛;半开拉链,挤压花粉喷射器,从各方向均匀喷洒雌花序,然后拉上拉链。果穗分析结果表明,该法可实现高效控制授粉和获得较高结实率,其中套袋杂交授粉一次平均结实率达67.8%,授粉两次平均结实率达76.2%,均显著高于开放授粉下果穗结实率。

Study of easy and effective method for oil palm hybridization

A method for oil palm hybridization was made based on the characteristic of oil palm inflorescence.The hybridizing bags were made of 100～120 g nonwoven fabric,with the top sealed and the bottom open.A zip was embedded in the middle of the bag,around 25～30 cm from the bottom.Hybridizing bags shielded the inflorescences 5～7 d before flowers opened.Pollens collected from bag-covered male inflorescences were sifted with a 74 μm sifter,and then pollinated to the covered female inflorescences with a pollinator.The bunch analysis results showed that the method could realize effectively controlled pollination and high fruit sets.The averaged fruit set can reach 67.8% after once pollination,and 76.2% after twice pollination,which are significantly higher than that of open pollinated.