贵州冷热洞、白龙洞和龙井洞环境质量及生态风险初步评价

为了解贵州喀斯特洞穴环境的污染状况,对贵州省3个洞穴冷热洞、白龙洞和龙井洞部分环境因子——土壤和水中重金属(Cu、Cr、Ni、Zn、Hg和As)含量进行测定,并对3洞穴土壤中重金属的污染指数及生态风险进行评价。结果表明:Zn在土样和水样中含量均最高,最低的是Hg;冷热洞土样的重金属含量均超过中国土壤背景值,白龙洞和龙井洞土样中的重金属含量除Cr外,均超过中国土壤背景值。洞穴土壤重金属综合潜在危害程度,龙井洞处于较高生态危害水平,冷热洞处于中等生态危害水平,白龙洞处于高生态危害水平;Hg是3洞穴最主要的生态风险因子。

Study on Preliminary Evaluation of Ecological Risk and Environmental Quality from Lengre Cave,Longjing Cave and Bailong Cave in Guizhou

The study aims to understand the polluted condition of Karst Cave environment in Guizhou, part of environmental factors from Lengre cave, Bailong cave and Longjing cave were investigated and studied.The contents of heavy metals(Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn, Hg and As) in soil and water from three caves were measured,the pollution index and the ecological risk of heavy metals in soil from three caves were assessed.The results showed that the highest content of six heavy metals in soil sample, water sample and animal sample is Zn.The lowest content of six heavy metals in soil sample, water sample and animal sample is Hg. In addition to average content of Cr in soil from Bailong cave and Longjing cave does not exceed the background value of soil in China, the rest exceed the background value of soil in China.The potential ecological risk of six heavy metals reachs a higher level in soil from Longjing cave.The potential ecological risk of six heavy metals reachs a highest level in soil from Bailong cave.The potential ecological risk of six heavy metals reachs a Medium level in soil from Lengre cave. Hg is the most important ecological risk factor in three caves.