Potential for productivity improvements by implementing improved management practices in pond polyculture of Indian major carps in Bangladesh

The present study aims to assess the impact of improved management practices on productivity, profit, and consumption expenditure of carp farmers. This study was carried out in three of Bangladesh’s top carp-producing districts (administrative units). A total of 300 carp farmers were surveyed through face-to-face interviews. Data were analyzed with propensity score matching (PSM), inverse probability weighting (IPW), and inverse probability weighted regression adjustment (IPWRA). Improved management practices, such as improved fingerling variety, stocking density, feeding, pond water change, lime application, and proper drainage facilities, were considered to achieve the study’s objectives. Improved management practices were classified into simple, intermediate, and complex practices based on their complexity. Adopters of improved management practices achieved significantly higher productivity (248–299 kg ha^?1) based on various matching techniques compared to non-adopters. The impact of adoption on profitability and consumption expenditure was 22% and 34% on the basis of IPW. Due to higher productivity and profit, adopters were able to spend more on consumption. Findings also revealed that adopting simple management practice is insufficient to boost productivity and profit. More research is needed to develop and optimize the improved management practices as a package. Improvement in extension services is suggested to improve the adoption.