一种三维雷暴云起电—放电模式的建立

[目的]研究一种三维雷暴云起电—放电模式的建立。[方法]在一种三维强对流云模式的基础上,选取几种比较成熟、有试验基础的起电机制和放电机制的参数化方案耦合到强对流云模式,使得该三维强对流模式能够模拟起电—放电过程,建立三维雷暴云起电—放电模式。[结果]通过数值模拟的方法建立了一种三维雷暴云起电—放电模式,该模式不仅可以评估不同环境下各种起电机制的相对重要性,而且描绘出雷暴云内电荷中心及电场的形成、闪电的发生位置、传播过程以及对电荷分布的影响,最重要的是可以定量描述雷暴云演变过程中动力、微物理和电过程之间复杂的相对关系。[结论]该研究为进一步研究不同类型雷暴云的闪电特征及其与动力和微物理过程的关系,以及深入探讨雷电活动的预警预报技术提供了有力基础。

Establishment of a Kind of Three-dimensional Thunderstorm Cloud Electrification-Discharge Model

[Objective] The research aimed to study the establishment of a kind of three-dimensional thunderstorm cloud electrification-discharge model.[Method] Based on a kind of three-dimensional strong convective cloud model,several parameterization schemes of electrification-discharge mechanism which were mature and had experimental basis were coupled into the strong convective cloud model.The three-dimensional strong convective model could simulate electrification-discharge process,and the three-dimensional thunderstorm cloud electrification-discharge model was established.[Result] By numerical simulation method,a kind of three-dimensional thunderstorm cloud electrification-discharge model was established.The model not only could assess the relative importance of various kinds of electrification mechanisms under different environments,but also described formation of charge center and electrical field in the thunderstorm cloud,occurrence position and propagation process of lightning,its influence on charge distribution.The most important thing was that it could quantitatively describe the relative relationship between power,microphysics and electric process in the evolution process of thunderstorm cloud.[Conclusion] The research provided powerful foundation for further studying the lightning characteristics of different thunderstorm clouds,the relationship between lightning characteristics and power,microphysical process,and deeply discussing the early-warning forecasting technology of thunder and lightning activity.