Induced resistance in cotton seedlings against fusarium wilt by dried biomass of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Penicillium chrysogenum</Emphasis> and its water extract |
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Authors: | Hezhong?Dong Email author" target="_blank">Yigal?CohenEmail author |
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Institution: | (1) Bar-Ilan University, 52900 Ramat Gan, Israel;(2) On sabbatical leave from Cotton Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 250100 Jinan, China |
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Abstract: | Dry mycelium (DM) of killedPenicillium chrysogenum and its water extract (DME) were used to induce resistance in cotton plants againstFusarium oxysporum f.sp.vasinfectum (Fov). Results showed that the efficacy of either DM or DME in controlling the disease depends on both the concentration and the
mode of application. DM amended to the soil at 0.25–2% (w/w) provided 32–75% protection againstFov. Soil drench with 2–5% DME (w/v) and pre-sowing seed soakage with 5–10% DME provided 51–77% and 28–35% protection against
the wilt disease, respectively, whereas no protection was obtained with foliar sprays of 1–10% DME. DM and its water extract
had no direct antifungal activity on growth ofFov in vitro, suggesting that disease control with DM or DME resulted from the induction of natural defense mechanisms in the cotton plants.
Soil drench with 5% DME was as effective as 2% DM powder in inducing resistance againstFov, implying that the resistance-inducing substances were mostly water-soluble. Four cotton cultivars with various genetic resistance
levels againstFov were tested at the seedling stage: two resistant ‘Pima’ cultivars and two susceptible ‘Acala’ cultivars. The level of protection
achieved in the two susceptible cultivars with DME was equal to, or higher than, that of the two resistant cultivars treated
with water. Innate and induced peroxidase activity in cotyledons or hypocotyls and roots coincided with the level of genetic
resistance and DME-induced resistance, respectively. Based on our results, an integrated control strategy ofFov with both genetic resistance and induced resistance is suggested. |
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Keywords: | Genetic resistance peroxidase activity Penicillium chrysogenum Fusarium oxysporum f sp vasinfectum |
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