三北防护林杨树天牛的危害与防治

针对三北地区光肩星天牛(Anoplophoraglabripennis)和黄斑星天牛(A.nobilis)的分布与危害,总结和分析了防治杨树天牛危害的基本措施,阐述任何单一的防治方法、断断续续的防治、不彻底的防治、不成规模的局部防治和忽视检疫重治轻防都不能有效地控制天牛的蔓延和危害。强调了加强检疫和预测预报这项基本预防监控措施的重要性,提出了推广天牛非寄主树种和抗逆性强的树种,营造混交林,培育速生健康的防护林,增强抗性,减轻天牛危害,实行短轮伐期经营躲避天牛危害,推广天牛非寄主树种和抗逆性强树种营造混交林,在主栽树种林分中配置5%～10%的天牛喜食树种为诱集天牛集中危害的诱饵木等等以营林措施为主的抵御和躲避措施,以及加强联防联治,实行物理、化学、生物防治和人工捉、砸、铲、刮、掏虫相结合的综合治理措施,这是全面控制杨树天牛的有效措施。

DISCUSSION ON SEVERITY AND CONTROL OF ASIAN LONGHORNED BEETLE(ALB) OF POPLAR TREES IN THE THREE NORTH PROTECTION FOREST PROGRAM

In the view of harmfulness and harmfulness of Anoplophora glabripennis and A.nobilisin the Three North region, the article explains any single control measure, uncompleted, small sized,local and partly control activities as well as some practices with focus only on control management while neglect quarantine might not prevent spreading and severity of the ALB, based on summarizing and analyzing basic practices for controlling ALB. Additionally the article emphasizes the significance of a basic preventing and monitoring measure i.e.quarantine and forecasting, meanwhile, it proposes a set of integrated approaches such extending planting of non-host trees, high resistance trees, mixed forest, cultivating healthy and fast growing trees, adopting short rotation practices, using 5%～10% trap trees as sivilculture measures to effectively control ALB together with some physical, chemical, biological and manual ways.