南麂海区养殖贝类的附着生物及其防除研究

2004年7-11月，对南麂马祖岙海区养殖的太平洋牡蛎、海湾扇贝和厚壳贻贝的附着生物进行采样调查，分析了附着生物的种类组成、垂直分布、栖息密度、生物量及波动特征。结果表明，附着生物共有41种，隶属于9个生物门，其中节肢动物有10种，为最多；锯额豆瓷蟹、三角藤壶垂直分布最广；主要优势种为三角藤壶、牡蛎等，不同养殖贝类有不同的优势种；养殖贝类的外部形态与附着生物的附着效果有较大的关系，附着生物对附着体有一定的选择性，台风对附着生物的附着有较大的影响。同时，对在养殖生产中可利用改变吊挂水层、错开附着时间、使用药物等防除措施进行了探讨。

Study of Fouling Organisms and Prevention in Cultivation of Shellfish by Nanji Sea Area

In this paper,based on the data of fouling organisms in cultivation of shellfish（Crassostrea gigas ,Argopectens irradias ,Mytilus coruscus ）in Nanji Mazuao Sea Area from July to November 2004,the species compositon,vertical distribution,abundance, biomass and undulation characteristics was analyzed. The results showed：totally 41 fouling organisms species belonging to 9 phylums, 10 species belonging to arthropoda,was the mostest. Pisidia serratifrons and Balanus trigonus were the highest on vertical distribution. Balanus trigonus, Ostreidae were the main dominant species, the dominant species of shellfish have difference. There have big relation between the shellfish morphometic characters and the adhesion effect of fouling organisms, the fouling organisms have certain selectivity to adhering substance, Typhoon have big influences to the adhesion effect. Then,the control methods in cultivation of shellfish were discussed,such as change hang watercourse, sagger adherence time, use medicine.