草业职业技术教育现状、问题和改革的探讨

概观目前中国草业职业技术教育机构,百所国家示范性高职院校中,青海畜牧兽医职业技术学院是唯一开设草业专业的学院。为此,回顾该学院草业专业发展沿革历程,分析专业课程体系和人才培养模式的改革成果和存在问题,提出以下发展构想:草业职业技术教育的专业及其方向应由"草地农业系统的4个生产层"衍生而成,专业课程体系与国家职业资格体系和专业技术职称体系相衔接,学院与企业合作开展应用技术推广示范,建立由草产业主导的全国管理机构。本文以期为我国草业职业技术教育提供参考。

Discussion on current situation and reform issues of prataculture vocational and technical education

After having overviewed current organizational situation on vocational and technical education of prat-aculture in China,Qinghai Vocational and Technical College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine (QVTCAV)is the only onecollege with pratacultural major among 100 national demonstrative vocational insti-tutes.The history and achievement of the pratacultural major in QVTCAV has been initially reviewed in the paper.The reform achievements and existing problems involving curriculum system and the talent training modelsin QVTCAV are then analyzed.Strategies for possible reform and further development have been pro-posed as following:the curriculum and programs of vocational and technical education of Prataculture Science should be derived from the Theory of Four Production Levels of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem;the curriculum and program should be aligned to the system of national vocational qualification and the system of professional position (title);the vocational and technical colleges should collaborate with enterprises to promote the applica-tion of technology demonstration;a national authority of vocational and technical education dominated by prat-acultural industry should be established.On the whole,the paper aims to provide reference for improving Chi-na’s vocational and technical education of prataculture.