基于GIS的新乡市1966-2016年日照时数时空分布特征及影响因子

为研究新乡市日照时数的时空变化特征及影响因子，本研究利用新乡市7 个气象站1966—2016年逐月日照时数、总云量、水汽压、平均风速、降水量和相对湿度资料，采用线性趋势分析、t 检验等方法，结合GIS 技术，分析日照时数的时间变化趋势及空间分布特征，对年日照时数进行突变检验，并分析5个气象要素对日照时数的影响。结果表明：1966—2016 年，新乡市年日照时数呈显著减少趋势，其中夏季日照时数下降最明显，春季下降速率最小，年日照时数在1983年和1999年附近发生突变；日照时数总体呈“中间多南北少”的空间分布特点，且京广线以东地区偏多；年日照时数与总云量、水汽压呈极显著负相关，与平均风速呈极显著正相关，与降水量和相对湿度年的变化无明显相关性。

Sunshine Hours in Xinxiang Based on GIS: Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics and the Influencing Factors

The paper aims to study the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of sunshine hours and their influencing factors in Xinxiang. Based on the monthly data of sunshine hours, total cloud amount, surface vapor pressure, average wind speed, precipitation and relative humidity of 7 meteorological stations in Xinxiang from 1966 to 2016, the authors analyzed the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of sunshine hours, did the mutation test and assessed the effects of 5 meteorological factors on sunshine hours by using the linear trend, t test combined with GIS. The results showed that: the annual sunshine hours in Xinxiang reduced significantly from 1966 to 2016, among them, the most obvious decline happened in summer and the decline rate of sunshine hours in spring was the lowest; the annual sunshine hours had mutation in 1983 and 1999; in general, the spatial distribution of sunshine hours in the middle of Xinxiang was more than that in the north and south, and that of the east of the Beijing-Guangzhou line was much higher; there was a significant negative correlation between the annual sunshine hours and cloud amount as well as surface vapor pressure; there was a significant positive correlation between the annual sunshine hours and the average wind speed; there was no significant correlation between the annual sunshine hours and precipitation and relative humidity.