不同基因型玉米品种分蘖特性比较以及与产量性状的关系

【研究目的】为明确不同基因型玉米品种的分蘖特性差异，以及分蘖对农艺性状和产量性状的影响。【方法】本研究以37个玉米品种为试验材料，通过多重比较和相关性分析，比较了不同玉米品种的分蘖率差异，分析了分蘖率与株高、穗位高、产量及其构成要素之间的相关性。【结果】结果表明，品种间的分蘖率差异显著，根据分蘖率的高低可将玉米品种分为高、中、低三种分蘖类型。‘DK56’的分蘖率最高，达到93.33%；‘浚单211’的分蘖率最低，为0.00%。分蘖率与株高和低分蘖品种的穗行数呈显著正相关，相关系数分别为0.323和0.609；分蘖率与穗位高、行粒数、百粒重和产量等性状相关不显著。【结论】不同基因型玉米品种的分蘖率差异显著，去留分蘖不会对玉米产量造成影响。

Maize Varieties of Different Genotypes: Tiller Characteristics and Their Relationship with Yield Traits

To clarify the difference of tiller characteristics of maize varieties of different genotypes, and the effect of tillering on agronomic characters and yield traits, 37 varieties were used as materials, and the tiller differences were compared with multiple comparison and correlation analysis. The correlations between the tillering rate and plant height, ear height, yield as well as yield components were analyzed. The results showed that the tillering rate was significantly different among different varieties. According to the tillering rate, maize varieties were divided into three types: high, medium and low tiller types. The tillering rate of‘DK56’was the highest, up to 93.33%. The tillering rate of‘Xundan211’was the lowest as 0.00%. There were significantly positive correlations between the tillering rate and plant height and ear row number of low tiller rate varieties, and the correlation coefficient was 0.323 and 0.609, respectively. There were no significant correlations between the tillering rate and ear height, row grain number, grain weight and yield. The tillering rates of different genotype varieties were significantly different in maize, and there was no effect of tillering or nontillering on maize yield.