额济纳绿洲胡杨种群繁殖物候节律特征的研究

额济纳绿洲分布胡杨种群的繁殖物候节律特征及其与环境条件的相互关系的研究,有助于进一步揭示胡杨生态生物学特性、并为胡杨种群的保护和恢复提供理论依据.结果表明:额济纳绿洲分布的胡插种群的繁殖物候完全适应当地环境条件,并在雌雄不同龄级的个体和群体及种群整体等水平上,形成适应风媒的形态特征和相对稳定独特的"大量、个体相对集中、群体相对分散、雌雄异步开始、近同期结束"的较为独特的开花模式和拥有杨属植物中最长的花果物候期的繁殖物候节律。花期和种子散布期这两个最重要的繁殖物候期在时间位上分别所依托河流的春汛和秋汛相吻合,是胡杨中生起源以及在长期演化过程中,对逐渐形成的环境条件水热变化规律响应的过程中形成的独特适应机制,是其有别于典型荒漠植物和杨属其它植物的重要特征。也揭示了胡杨种群的生存和发展对荒漠内流河的深刻依赖。

THE REPRODUCTIVE PHENOLOGICAL RHYTHM CHARACTERISTICS OF Populus euphratica Oliv.POPULATION IN THE EJINA OASIS OF INNER MOMGOLIA

The object of this paper is Populus euphratica Oily.population in the Ejina Oasis of Inner Mongolia.We made a deep and systematic study on population phenology,reproductive rhythm of Populus euphratica Oily.The results showed that The Populus euphratica population has seasoned regular phenology period with entironment.The morphological traits of flowers and anthotaxy,and the temporal heterogeneity on flowering of individual and group of male and female with different age class,as well as population can promise the success of anemophilous pollination.The flower period has the traits of"large quantity,relativeiy centralized individuals,relatively dispersed groups,the asynchronism beginning between male and male,and approximately same finishing time",The two most important reproductive phenology periods are flowering period and seed distributing period,which are coincident with spring flood and autumn flood respectively.These traits are different with that of typical desert plants and other species of Populus spp.