半湿润易旱区红富士苹果园初夏叶片养分状况的研究

通过田间调查及对高产果园(≥22500 kg/hm2)和低产果园(<18000 kg/hm2)叶样品的分析,研究了半湿润易旱区红富士果园初夏叶片的养分状况。结果表明,高产园和低产园差异显著,总体上看,氮高产园处于中等到丰富水平,符合高产优质果园含量的标准,低产园处于中等偏低水平;磷、钾较丰富。根据苹果的需肥特性和土壤养分状况及有效性,初步提出了增施有机肥、氮肥及补施磷、钾肥的优化施肥结构模式,以保证苹果的丰产优质。

Study on Leaf Nutrients Condition and Corresponding Fertilizer Application Technique at Early Summer in Fuji Apple Orchard in Semihumid and Liable-drought Region

By the field investigation and leaf chemical analysis,a study on nutrient characteristics of leaf was carried out in high yield(22 500 kg/hm²)and low yield(<18 000 kg/hm²)typical Fuji apple(Malus pumila)orchard in semi humid and liable drought region.The aim of this trial was to feed theory basis for fertilization at early summer in or chard.Results showed that the diversity was remarkable between the high yield and low yield orchard.Nitrogen content in leaf layer in high yield orchards was in middle and rich level,which accorded with standard of nitrogen content in high yield and quality apple orchard,but inadequate in most of low yield orchards.The content of phosphorus and pot assium was rich.On the basis of the nutrients requirement characteristics of apple tree and soil nutrients condition and their availability,we put forward preliminarily the fertilization projects to improve the yield and quality of apple in this area,which named optimizing the structure of fertilization, increasing supply of organic and nitrogen fertilizers and supplemental supply of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.