敦煌盆地水环境特征与水资源可持续利用

敦煌盆地有限的水资源既是绿洲和敦煌市存在的必要因素;又是地方经济发展的限制因素。论文分析了敦煌盆地水环境特征,认为以水资源开发利用为目的的水利建设活动,严重于预了敦煌盆地的水循环,造成了河水断流、地下水位大幅度下降、土地荒漠化加剧等生态环境问题。为了发挥敦煌的旅游优势,为了保证敦煌社会经济的持续发展,应该合理调整用水产业结构,压缩农业用水,增加生态用水,严格控制地下水开采,恢复地下水位,保证低耗水、高产出的旅游业用水需求,走水资源永续利用、经济稳步发展之路。

The Characteristics of Water System and the Sustainable Utilization of Water Resources in Dunhuang Basin

Water is a crucial factor in development of local economy,oasis and city in Dunhuang. The characteristics of water system are discussed in this paper. Based on it is pointed out that the large scale utilization of water resources for irrigation have affected the law of water cycle in this region greatly. At the same time,it has resulted in very serious impacts on ecoenvironment,such as drying of the river, descending of the water table rapidly and desertification of land. The measures and suggestions of the rational utilization of water resources were pointed out in the end of this paper for ensuring the sustainable development of economy and exerting the advantage in tourism of Dunhuang,that is: conducting water -saving irrigation and industry, adjusting the industrial structure of water - using, forbidding the over-exploitation of ground water, ensuring enough water in ecosystem and tourism.