流式细胞术在农业研究领域中的应用

流式细胞术是一种对悬浮于流体中的微小颗粒进行计数和分选的生物学技术，基于流式细胞仪通过检测散射或者偶联荧光信号快速、准确、客观、高通量获得悬浮微粒（通常是细胞、细菌等微小颗粒）一系列重要的生物物理、生物化学相关特征参量，可以根据预选的参量范围对细胞、细菌等微小颗粒进行自动分析和对特定群体进行分选。流式细胞术在许多科学领域特别是生物技术和医学领域应用广泛，虽然在农业研究中的应用开始得比较晚，但目前已取得巨大进展。随着流式细胞仪性能的不断提高，标记方法和检测技术的不断开发与完善，流式细胞术的应用前景将越来越广阔，在农业领域也将发挥越来越重要的作用。介绍了流式细胞术的工作原理和流式细胞仪功能分类，综述了流式细胞术在农业研究领域中的应用，如对农作物基因组和原生质体分析以及抗逆研究，对动物免疫、微量元素分析、精子质量和性别控制以及毒素毒性分析，对病原菌和病毒分析研究等方面的应用和研究进展，展望该研究领域的发展前景，为流式细胞术在农业领域的潜在应用提供新的思考方向。

Application of Flow Cytometry in Agricultural Research

Flow cytometry is a biological technique for counting and sorting out tiny particles suspended in fluid based on flow cytometer through the detection of scattering or coupled fluorescence signals to obtain a series of important biophysical and biochemical related characteristics of suspended particles (usually cells, bacteria and other tiny particles) in a quick, accurate, objective and high-throughput way, and to automatically analyze and sort out specific populations according to the pre-selected parameter range of cells, bacteria and other tiny particles. Flow cytometry is widely used in many scientific fields, especially biotechnology and medicine. Although the application of flow cytometry in agricultural research started relatively late, great progress has been made. With the continuous improvement of the performance of flow cytometer, the continuous development and improvement of labeling methods and detection technologies, the application prospect of flow cytometry will become wider, and it will also play an increasingly important role in the agricultural field. In this review, it introduces the working principle and functional classification of flow cytometer, discusses the application and research progress of flow cytometry in agricultural fields such as crop genome and protoplast analysis, stress resistance research, animal immunity and trace element analysis, sperm quality and sex control, toxin toxicity analysis, pathogenic bacteria and virus analysis, and then looks forward to the development prospect of this research field, providing a new direction for the potential application of flow cytometry in agricultural fields.