内蒙古中部地区山楂资源及栽培经验与问题

通过对内蒙古乌盟及呼市地区部分林场、苗圃、果园的考查,对于本地区山楂属植物的三个种:辽宁山楂(C.Sanguinea pall.)毛山楂(C.maximo-wiczii Schneid.)和光叶山楂(C.dahurica koehwe)进行了考正。又发现本地区另一种山楂(C.pinna—fida Bge.)的分布、当地俗称山里红。此外在乌盟引进的甘肃山楂(C.Kansuensis Uils)也是有希望的砧木。毛山楂嫁接大山楂则表现矮化但可丰产。几年来本地区山楂的引种、育苗、建园积累了一定的经验,也存在一些问题。今后应注意到用当地资源,发展优良品种,适地适栽,加强管理,加强各部门的横向合作,将内蒙古地区的山楂产业迅速发展起来。

INVESTIGATION ON THE RESOURCES AND PRESENT CULTIVATION CONDITIONS OF THE CHINESE HAWTHORNS IN CENTRAL INNER MONGOLIA

Through investigating parts of the forests, nurseries and orchards inWulanchabu League and Hohhot region, the author not only checked three spe-cies of the local Crateagus genus: C. sanguinea poll, C. maxinowiczi Schneid.and C. dahurica Koehwe, but also found the distribution of another speciesin the same region, i. e. C. pinnatifida Bge., used to be called "Shanli-hong" (red in mountains)by the local people. In addition, it is discoveredthat C. Konsuensis, introduced from Gansu province, is also a hopeful roots-tock species, and the grafted C. pinnatifida var. major N. E. Br on C. ma-ximowiczii displays a dwarf character but with a high yield. Although some experiences have been gained in the introducing of spec-ies, nursing or seedlings and establishing of orchards of Crateag vs in thecentral Inner Mongolia region in recent years, there still are many problemsexisting. Therefore, it is suggested that, from now on, much attention bepaid to utilizing the local hawthorn resources to develop fine varieties suit-able to local conditions and strengthening management and inter-departmentcooperations so as to make the hawthorn industry in Inner Mongolia developquickly.