河西绿洲灌区玉米产量对生物可降解地膜保水增温作用的响应

通过连续2 a田间定位试验,研究不同覆盖处理(普通地膜覆盖、生物可降解地膜覆盖、秸秆覆盖和无覆盖)对玉米种植增温、保湿作用和产量的影响。结果表明:不同覆盖处理增温次序为普通地膜覆盖生物可降解地膜覆盖无覆盖秸秆覆盖;普通地膜覆盖、生物可降解地膜覆盖和秸秆覆盖的2 a玉米各生育时期土壤贮水量平均比无覆盖高24.7mm、19.9mm和13.1 mm;与无覆盖相比,普通地膜覆盖、生物可降解地膜覆盖和秸秆覆盖的2a平均玉米籽粒产量分别提高11.55%、9.53%和4.70%,WUE分别提高17.35%、14.11%和8.22%,经济效益分别提高11.81%、8.60%和5.05%。综合考虑产量和水分利用,生物可降解地膜的增温保湿和增产效果低于普通地膜,但是生物可降解地膜有利于农业生态系统的可持续发展,从长远生态效益考虑,今后应推广使用。

Response of biodegradable film water retention and warming to the maize grain yields in Hexi irrigation area

Through 2 years of field experiment,aimed at studying the effects of mulching materials (common plastic film mulching,biodegradable film mulching,straw film mulching and no mulching) on adjusting temperature moisture and maize grain yields.The results showed that the order of increasing soil temperature was common plastic film mulching ＞ biodegradable film mulching ＞ no mulching ＞ straw film mulching.Compared to no mulching,the hight of 2 years water storage for common plastic film mulching,biodegradable film mulching and straw film mulching were 24.7 mm,19.9 mm and 13.1 mm respectively.Compared with no mulching,the increases of 2 years maize grain yield for common plastic film mulching,biodegradable film mulching and straw film mulching were 11.55％,9.53％ and 4.70％,respectively,while increases of WUE were 17.35％,14.11％ and 8.22％,respectively,while increases of economic benefit were 11.81％,8.60％ and 5.05％.In conclusions,combining yields and water use,common plastic film was better than biodegradable film at increasing soil temperature and saving water.The biodegradable film was good for agro-ecosystemns sustainable development and it should be extend in the future.