施磷深度对春玉米干物质及磷积累与转运的影响

以郑单958为供试品种,在土柱栽培条件下,以不施磷肥为对照,研究了6 cm(T6)、12 cm(T12)、18cm(T18)和24 cm(T24)4个施磷深度对春玉米干物质及磷素养分积累与转运的影响。结果表明:随着施磷深度的增加春玉米干物质积累量和籽粒产量呈先升后降的趋势,均以12 cm施磷深度处理最大,6 cm施磷深度处理次之,24 cm施磷深度处理最小;叶和茎鞘干物质转运量、转运率以及对籽粒贡献率均以6 cm施磷深度处理最大,各处理之间大小为T6T12T18T24CK;器官磷含量、磷积累量以12 cm施磷深度处理最大,各处理之间大小顺序为T12T6T18T24CK;磷转运量、转运率和转运对籽粒贡献率总体上以6 cm施磷深度处理较高,6 cm施磷深度叶的磷转运量、转运率和转运对籽粒贡献率分别比其它处理高5.6%~59%、9.8%~12.6%和11.3%~35.6%;6 cm施磷深度茎鞘的磷转运量、转运率和转运对籽粒贡献率分别比其它处理高9.0%~65.4%、9.0%~10.2%、14.9%~50.3%,磷肥偏生产力、磷吸收效率和利用效率均以12 cm施磷深度处理最大,且与其他处理间差异均达到显著水平,表明适度增加磷肥施用深度是提高磷肥利用效率的有效途径。

Effects of phosphorus placement depth on dry matter and phosphorus accumulation and transfer of spring maize

Zhengdan958 was employed as the experimental material under the condition of earth pillar cultivation , using no phosphorus as control ,to investigate the effects of four phosphorus placement depths including 6 ,12 ,18 cm , and 24 cm ,on the accumulation and transportation of dry matter and phosphorus nutrient in spring maize .The results showed that with the increase of phosphorus depth ,dry matter accumulation amounts and grain yield were increased first and became decreased afterwards ,all reaching the maximum at the 12 cm phosphorus placement depth .For leaf and stem-sheath dry matter translocation amounts and translocation rates ,the contribution rates to grain were all the maxi-mums at the 6 cm phosphorus placement depth .The phosphorus contents and accumulations of organ at the 12 cm phos-phorus placement depth were the maximums .For phosphorus translocation amounts and translocation rates ,the contribu-tion rates to grain at the 6 cm phosphorus placement depth were overall the highest .The phosphorus element partial factor productivity ,absorption and utilization rates were all the maximums at the 12 cm phosphorus placement depth ,reaching significant different levels .It showed that moderately increasing phosphorus placement depths was an effective approach to the improvement phosphorus utilization rate .