播期和密度对普冰151小麦籽粒产量与品质的影响

为确定关中地区小麦适宜播期和密度,以普冰151为试验材料,于2014年10月—2015年6月设置10月3日、10月8日、10月13日3个播期和基本苗135、195、255、315万·hm~(-2)4个密度,研究了播期和密度对普冰151产量及品质的影响。结果表明,随着播期的推迟,普冰151的籽粒产量降低,通过增加密度可以提高小麦成穗数,达到增加产量的目的。从播期和密度互作对产量的影响来看,普冰151的适宜播期为10月3日至10月8日,播量随着播期的推迟而增加,基本苗由10月3日的195万·hm~(-2)增加到10月8日的255万·hm~(-2)。随着播期的推迟,蛋白质含量和湿面筋含量呈下降趋势,面团稳定时间呈上升趋势;当密度为255万·hm~(-2)时,蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量和面团稳定时间最大,分别为14.25%、30.72%和10.22 min。因此,可根据实际需要,确定最适宜的播期和密度,使产量和品质协调统一。

Effect of sowing date and planting density on grain yield and quality of winter wheat Pubing 151

To determine the appropriate sowing density and planting date for wheat in Guanzhong area,wheat variety Pubing 151 was used as the test materials planted on October 3,October 8,and October 13,and also with plant densities of 1350,1950,2550 and 3150 thousand seedlings per hectare.The consequences of sowing date and density on grain yield and quality of Pubing 151 were investigated.The results showed that the yield of Pubing 151 was decreased with the delay of sowing date.Spike number of wheat was increased through the increase of planting density,resulting in the improvement of wheat yield.Based on the effect of the combination between sowing date and density,the appropriate sowing date was from October 3 to October 8.Seeding rate was increased along with the delay of sowing date from October 3,1950 thousand seedlings per hectare to October 8,2250 thousand seedlings per hectare.With the delay of sowing date,protein content and wet gluten content were decreased,whereas sable time was increased.When the planting density was 2550 thousand seedlings per hectare,protein content,wet gluten content and sable time reached the maximum values as 14.25％,30.72％ and 10.22 min,respectively.Therefore,based on production need,the proper sowing date and planting density would need to be determined to ensure the coordination of yield and quality of wheat.