旱作雨养土壤水库储水模式对烤烟品质及产量的影响

运用旱作雨养土壤水库储水模式的田间试验方法,研究了其对烤烟农艺性状、物理性状、化学成分以及产量和产值的影响。结果表明,旱作雨养土壤储水模式(T)处理下的烤烟农艺性状综合表现优于一般大田种植模式(CK),烤烟田间长势均匀,茎杆粗壮;烟叶单叶重和叶质重在两处理间达到显著差异,T处理烤烟各部位烟叶单叶重和叶质重均高于CK,中部叶的单叶重和叶质重分别达22.90 g和76.67 g·m~(-2);T处理上部烟叶的填充值和含梗率为3.64 cm~3·g~(-1)和26.29%,显著低于CK处理,而中上部烟叶平衡含水率表现为TCK,且差异显著;T处理能够改善烟叶化学成分,其中能够显著提高不同部位烟叶钾含量和钾氯比,其均值达2.74%、6.89,同时较CK显著降低了总氮、烟碱和氯含量;同时旱作雨养土壤储水模式能够提高烟叶的产量产值,烟叶的产量为2 156.7 kg·hm~(-2),显著高于CK。

Effect of the mode of rainfed soil reservoir water storage on the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco

In order to solve the problem of drought stress on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco ,the research used a field test method of dry rained soil reservoir water storage mode to study the effect of flue -cured tobacco agronom-ic characteristics ,physical properties ,chemical composition and the yield and output value .The results showed that the comprehensive performance of agronomic characteristics by T treatment (soil water storage model under rainfed condition ) was better than CK treatment (control group ) ,and the growth of flue-cured tobacco was uniform and had stout stem .The differences in leaf weight and quality between two treatments were significant and all parts of tobacco leaf weight and quality by the T treatment were higher than CK ,and the leaf weight and quality of middle leaf were 22 .90 g and 76 .67 g·m-2 ,respectively .Fill value and stem ratio of upper leaves of T were 3 .64 cm3·g-1 and 26 .29% ,respectively ,sig-nificantly lower than those by the CK treatment .In the upper and middle leaves ,the equilibrium moisture content by the T treatment was higher than that of CK ,and the difference was significant .The T treatment could improve the chemical components of tobacco .Also ,it significantly improved potassium content and potassium chlorine ratio in different parts of tobacco leaf ,and the mean values were 2 .74% and 6 .89 ,respectively .In addition ,compared with CK ,it significantly reduced the total nitrogen ,nicotine and chlorine contents .In conclusion ,soil water storage model under rainfed condition could improve the leaf yield and output value ,and the production of tobacco was 2 156 .7 kg·hm-2 ,significantly higher than that from CK .