两种北方药材的RAPD分析

目的]为中药材的分子水平鉴定提供依据。方法]从汉城细辛、北细辛、蒙古黄芪和荚膜黄芪中提取基因组DNA,使用200个随机引物进行RAPD扩增,并通过聚类分析研究药材间的亲缘关系。结果]129条引物有扩增产物,占总引物数的64.5%,其扩增片段大小为250~2 000 bp。筛选出19条扩增出清晰条带、重复性好的引物。聚类分析结果表明种内相似性大于种间相似性,汉城细辛和北细辛有较近的亲缘关系,蒙古黄芪和荚膜黄芪有较近的亲缘关系。结论]该研究在DNA水平上证明了汉城细辛和北细辛与蒙古黄芪和荚膜黄芪是不同品种的药材,而细辛和黄芪存在种间差异。

RAPD Analysis on 2 Species of Northern Medicinal Materials

Objective] The aim of the research was to provide the basis for the identification of Chinese medicinal materials at molecular level.Method] Genomic DNA was extracted from A.sieboldii Miq.var.seoulense Nakai,Asarum heterotropoides Fr.Schmidt var.mandshuricum(Maxim.) Kitag.,Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.) Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.) Hsiao and Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.) Bge.200 random primers were used to make RAPD amplification and the genetic relationships between the medicinal materials were analyzed through clustering analysis.Result] 129 primers had amplified products,occupying 64.5% of total primer number and their sizes of amplified fragments were 250～2 000 bp.19 primers that amplified clear bands and had good repeatability were screened out.The results of clustering analysis showed that the intraspecific comparability was greater than the interspecific comparability.A.sieboldii and A.heterotropoides had closer genetic relationship,while Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.) Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.) Hsiao and Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.) Bge.had closer genetic relationship.Conclusion] This research proved that A.sieboldii and A.heterotropoides,Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.) Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.) Hsiao and Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.) Bge.were different species of medicinal materials and there was the interspecific difference between asarum and Huangqi.