浙江大豆品种资源的若干性状分析

本文用数量遗传及聚类分析的方法,对浙江省的27个春大豆(Glycine max(L.)Merr.)和29个夏大豆地方品种的17个数量性状进行了统计分析,结果表明,浙江省春、夏大豆地方品种的各数量性状变异丰富,早熟、高产、大粒和高蛋白的种质资源均有存在,在这两个自然群体中选择5％的品种,可将春、夏大豆的生育期分别控制在90d和115d左右,亩产分别提高到158.5kg和127.0kg,蛋白质含量捉高到47.38％和47.23％。聚类分析结果表明,由单个或少数几个性状参与聚类时,所得的各类性状具有明确的特征,有利于育种中选择性状互补、遗传差异大的品种配制杂交组合。

An Analysis of Several Characters of Soybean Germplasm in Zhejiang.

The inheritance of 17 quantitative characters of 27 spring and 29 summer local soybean (Glycine max (L. )Merr ) varieties taken at random from Zhejiang were studied. These varieties were clustered according to the number of characters (being 1 to 17 ) participated in clustering. The results indicated that the genetic variation of all of characters were very abundant in spring and summer soybean land races in Zhejiang. Some varieties showed early maturity, high yield, big seed or high protein content. If 5% varieties were selected from spring and summer populations, the average durations of growth of these 5% varieties would shorten to 90 and 115 days, the yield would increase to 158.5 kg and 127.0 kg, the protein content would increase to 47.38% and 47.23% respectively. So systematic selection from these populations probably would be effective. The results of the cluster analysis for 27 spring and 29 summer soybean varieties indicated that each group had its explicit features in clustering for single, two or several characters. This kind of clustering is helpful in the effective selection of desirable parents for cross breeding. The grouping in the clustering involving all of the characters was influenced less by environment, so it would be suitable for the classification of germplasm resources.