植物显性核不育恢复性遗传的理论研究

植物雄性显性核不育的恢复基因已在甘蓝型油菜、谷子、水稻和大白菜等8种作物中发现。关于恢复性遗传机制的解释有复等位基因和显性上位作用两种假说。本文从理论上详细讨论了两种假说下共8种可能情况的遗传后果,并证明仅根据不育株×恢复系的F_1,F_2,F_3和回交世代的育性分离情况,很难准确区分这两种机制的各种可能。本文提出了准确区分这两种假说下各种情况的遗传设计。

THEORETICAL STUDIES ON THE INHERITANCE OF RESTORILITY IOR DOMINANT GBNIC MALE STERILITY IN PLANTS

The fertility restoring genes for the dominant genie male sterility were discovered in Brassica napus, Setaria iralica, Oryza saiva and Brassica pekin ensis aud so on. There are two genetical hypotheses, maltiple allelism and dominant epistasis, on the inheritance of the restorility in the literature. The genetic consequences of eight possible cases under the two hypotheses were discussed in detail It was shown that it was very difficult to distinguish them from each other by the fertility and segregation ratios in F_1, F_2, F_3 and backcross progcnies. Thrce genetic mating programs wcre proposed, which can distinguish the eight cases casily, accurately and correctly.