中国稻田蜘蛛生态与利用研究

 本文报道中国稻田蜘蛛发生的多样性、种群结构、生态分布与保护利用意见。通过1976～1991年的研究分析，中国稻田蜘蛛有372种，隶属109属22科，其中三爪类蜘蛛最多，二爪类蜘蛛次之，新筛器蛛最少；有17个优势种，主要分布于华中和华东稻区。按动物区系与省区的蜘蛛种群生态分析，稻田蜘蛛主要分布于水稻主产区与动物区划的东洋界；稻株上不同蜘蛛种群分布的格局不同；不同类型稻田蜘蛛群落多样性有明显差别。这充分表明，稻田蜘蛛资源丰富，中国稻田蜘蛛有保护利用良好的物质条件，均有保护与利用价值。

Studies on the Ecology of Spiders in Paddy Fields and Utilization of Spiders for Biological Control in China

The species diversity, population composition, ecological distribution, and the conservation, utilization of paddy field spiders in China are reported in this paper. In terms of analysis from 1976 to 1991, there were in total 372 species of spiders, belonging to 109 genera of 22 families , found in paddy fields of China. Among them, spiders of branch trionycha was the most, spiders of branch dionycha was less, and spiders of cohort neocribellatae was the least in number, and 17 species were dominant. They were mainly distributed in rice growing areas of Central China and South China. The ecological analysis of spider population according to their fauna and distribution in geographic regions showed that paddy spiders distributed mainly in the main rice producing area and the boundary of east ocean of their fauna divisions, There were different distributive patterns for different spider population on paddy rice plants, and the distinction between different types of paddy spiders biocoenosis diversity were evident. It is obvious that the spiders natural resources were affluent, and the material condition for the conservation of paddy field spiders is good in China, and their conservatisn and utilization were valuable.