用荧光原位杂交技术检测黑麦染色质

荧光原位杂交技术（fluorescence in situ hybridization ,FISH）是一种快速、准确、直接检测和定位外源染色质的新技术。本研究荧光原位杂交用毛地黄毒苷-11-dUTP标记黑麦总DNA作探针，以检测小麦中黑麦染色质。结果如下：八倍体小黑麦（2n=8x=56）有丝分裂中期有14条染色体显示黄色，42条染色体显示红色，红色间期核显示有14个黄色亮点，表明这八倍体小黑麦含14条黑麦染色体。八倍体小黑麦中黄色黑麦染色体显C-带和H-带的末端有绿色的带。这是由于黑麦染色体末端结构异染色质含量高所致。黑麦附加系2R的间期细胞核中有1 ～ 2个黄色亮点。这表明2R含有1至2条黑麦染色体。

Detection of Rye Chromatin by Using Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH)

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a new technique for fast, correct and direct detecting and locating alien chromatin. In this study of FISH, probe DNA (rye's total DNA) is labelled with digoxigenin-11-dUTP and detected rye chromatin in oc-toploid triticale (2n = 8x = 56) and rye addition line 2R. The results of FISH are as follows: octoploid triticale has 14 chromosomes showing yellow and 42 chromosomes showing red in mitosis metaphase, and has 14 yellow bright dots in red nucleus in mitosis inter-phase, so this octoploid triticale contains 14 rye chromosomes. Terminals of C-band and H-band in yellow rye chromosomes of octoploid triticale show green bands, this is because of high content of heterochromatin in terminal of rye chromosomes. Rye addition line 2R has 1 to 2 yellow bright dots in red nucleus in mitosis interphase, which expresses that 2R has 1 to 2 rye chromosomes.