短枝红富士苹果结果特性的研究

 以优良短枝富士、福岛短枝富士及宫崎短枝富士品种为试材，研究分析了短枝红富士苹果花芽分化、开花坐果及果实品质形成的有关生理变化。结果表明，短枝红富士苹果的结果特性：（1）幼树短枝花芽和腋花芽数显著高于非短枝型品种长富2号；花芽分化期间内源激素ABA含量显著高于长富2号，而GA#-3、CTK含量则与长富2号差异不显著。（2）花序、花朵坐果率高，坐果期间子房IAA含量显著高于长富2号。相关测验表明，子房中IAA含量与坐果率呈极显著正相关；树冠果实密度大，株产高，叶片光合作用速率显著高于长富2号。（3）果肉可溶性固形物含量、果肉硬度及乙醛、丙酮、醇类物质含量与长富2号无显著差异，酯类物质含量较低；果皮花青苷显著高于富士，与长富2号接近；果皮叶绿素含量显著低于富士苹果。

A Study on Bearing Habit in Various Spur-type Strains of Red Fuji Apple

Six spur-type strains of Red Fuji apple (Mains domestica Borkh) were evaluated over 3 years for flowering, fruiting, yield, fruit quality as well as their physiological changes. The results showed that; (1) Spur-type strains had more short fruiting branches and axillary flower buds than those of non spur-type varieties. The content of endogenous ABA in leaves of spur-type strains was significantly higher than that of non spur-type varieties , but GA3 and CTK contents was not different between spur-type and non spur-type varieties at the period of flower bud differentiation. (2) Spur-type strains had high percentage of setting. The content of IAA in ovary of spur-type strains was signicantly higher than that of non spur-type varieties at setting period. There was a significantly correla-tionship with the content of IAA and the percentage of setting. Spur-type strains had high unit crownvolume yield. The unit leaf-area weight and photosynthetic rate in spur-type strains was significantly higher than those of non spur-type varieties. (3)Fruit soluble solid matter and fruit hardness were not significantly different between spur-type and non spur-type varieties. Unit peel-area anthocyanin content in spur-type strains was moderately high.