湄洲湾海域甲壳动物群落多样性分析

根据2012年9月和2013年4月湄洲湾海域2个航次单拖网调查资料,分析了该海域甲壳动物种类组成、丰度与生物量、优势种及群落多样性。结果表明,2个航次共捕获甲壳动物35种,其中虾类17种、蟹类15种、虾蛄类3种,隶属于2目8科15属。2012年9月优势种为断脊口虾蛄(Oratosquillina interrupta)、黑斑口虾蛄(O.kempi)、锈斑■(Charybdis feriatus)、刀额仿对虾(Parapenaeopsis cultrirostris)和周氏新对虾(Metapenaeus joyneri);2013年4月优势种为断脊口虾蛄、双斑■(C.bimaculata)、刀额仿对虾和细巧仿对虾(P.tenella);而且断脊口虾蛄和刀额仿对虾为2个航次共有的优势种。2012年9月,甲壳动物平均丰度为1.50×10-2个·m~(-2)、平均生物量为1.47×10-1g·m~(-2),生物量优势度曲线位于丰度优势度曲线之上。2013年4月,甲壳动物平均丰度为3.73×10-3个·m~(-2)、平均生物量为1.57×10-2g·m~(-2),生物量优势度曲线位于丰度优势度曲线之下。2012年9月和2013年4月,甲壳动物Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H')分别为1.30和1.31,Pielou均匀度指数(J')分别为0.62和0.68。

Analysis of community diversity of crustaceans in Meizhou Bay

Based on the data of the two bottom trawl surveys in the waters of Meizhou Bay in September,2012 and April,2013,we investigated the species composition,resource density and biomass,dominant species and community structure of crustaceans.Thirtyfive species were catched,including 17 species of shrimps,15 species of crabs and 3 species of suillas which belong to 15 genus,8 families and 2 orders of crustaceans.The dominant species were Oratosquillina interrupta,O.kempi,Charybdis feriatus,Parapenaeopsis cultrirostris and Metapenaeus joyneri in September,2012.The dominant species were O.interrupta,C.bimaculata,P.cultrirostris and P.tenella in April,2013.Among them,O.interrupta and P.cultrirostris were the same dominant species in both surveys.In September,2012,the average abundance and biomass of crustaceans in Meizhou Bay were 1.50 × 10-2 ind ·m-2 and 1.47 × 10-1 g· m-2,respectively,and the dominance curve of biomass was above the abundance curve.In April,2013,the average abundance and biomass of crustaceans were 3.73 × 10-3 ind ·m-2and 1.57 × 10-2 g·m-2,respectively,and the dominance curve of biomass was be low the abundance curve.In September,2012 and April,2013,the Shannon-Wiener diversity indices (H') were 1.30 and 1.31,respectively;while the Pielou evenness indices (J') were 0.62 and 0.68,respectively.