伏毛铁棒锤根对小菜蛾杀虫活性初步研究

目的]研究伏毛铁棒锤根的杀虫活性及其活性物质。方法]以乙醇超声法提取伏毛铁棒锤根中的活性物质,采用浸虫法测试提取物对小菜蛾的触杀活性;并采用液-液分配萃取法用石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇对提取物依次萃取,且跟踪测试各萃取物的活性。结果]0.05 g/ml伏毛铁棒锤根提取物对小菜蛾有较强的活性,施药72h后校正死亡率为95.0%;提取物分离后石油醚萃取物活性最强,氯仿萃取物次之,0.005 g/ml时施药72h后校正死亡率分别为94.0%和60.0%,而乙酸乙酯萃取物、正丁醇萃取物及水层剩余物无活性。结论]伏毛铁棒锤根对小菜蛾具有较强的触杀活性且杀虫活性物质为一类小极性的化合物。

A Primary Study on the Insecticidal Activity of the Roots of Aconitum flavum against Plutella xylostella

Objective]The aim of the research was to study the pesticidal activity of the Roots of Aconitum flavum and its insecticidal substance.Method] the insecticidal substances of the Roots of Aconitum flavum are extracted with alcohol in Ultrasound.And the contacting activities of extract to Plutella xylostella was tested by insect-soaking method;Petroleum ether、chloroform、ethyl acetate and n-butyl alcohol were taken as solvent to successively extract ethanol extract by liquid liquid extraction.And the contacting activities of extracts to Plutella xylostella was tested trackingly.Result] Extract from the Roots of Aconitum flavum at the concentration of 0.05 g/ml had the pesticidal activity to Plutella xylostella.The corrected mortality rates after applying pesticide for 72h was 95.0%;the petrol extract at the 1concentration of 0.005 g/ml had the strongest pesticidal activity to Plutella xylostella,followed by the chloroform extract,and ethyl acetate extract 、n-butyl alcohol extract and water extract had no the pesticidal activity.Conclusion] the insecticidal substances of the Roots of Aconitum flavum to plutella xylostella presented strong insecticidal activity and they are a kind of weak or non polar compounds.