水田双向修筑埂机设计与试验

为提高筑埂作业效率与质量,减轻作业劳动强度,解决水田田埂拐角处无法机械筑埂的问题,设计了一种旋耕和镇压部件可180°水平回转的水田双向修筑埂机。阐述了关键部件横向偏移机构与180°水平回转调节机构的结构及工作原理。建立横向偏移机构和180°水平回转调节机构运动模型,通过运动学分析,获得了可满足不同作业条件下偏移要求的运动部件结构参数,得出旋耕和镇压部件回转过程趋于稳定的条件。对水田双向修筑埂机进行田间作业性能试验,试验结果表明:当作业速度分别为1. 5、2. 0、2. 3 km/h时,田埂坚实度平均值随筑埂后间隔时间的增大而增大,田埂坚实度变异系数随筑埂后间隔时间的增大而减小;间隔时间相同时,埂侧坚实度平均值高于埂顶,田埂各测量位置稳定值均不低于1 332 k Pa。前行与倒行两种作业方式所筑田埂均满足水田筑埂农艺要求。

Design and Experiment of Bi-directional Ridger for Paddy Field

Rice is one of the main grain crops in China. Improving the mechanization level of rice production can enhance the comprehensive agricultural production capacity of China. Solid ridge is important guarantee for irrigation and rice growth. It can improve the yield of grain crops and reduce the waste of water resources. In order to improve the efficiency and quality of ridging operation in paddy field, reducing the labor intensity and solving the problem that the ridge can not be built mechanically at the corner of the paddy field, a bi-directional ridger for paddy field was designed, whose rotary tillage and repression components can rotate horizontally. The structural design and working principle were conducted for key components, such as offset system and 180° horizontal rotary adjustment mechanism. Kinematic analysis of the offset system was carried out and the structural parameters of the moving parts were obtained, which satisfied the migration requirements under different working conditions. The motion model of the 180° horizontal rotary adjustment mechanism was established, the conditions for stabilizing the rotary tillage component and compacting assembly were determined. The performance test of the prototype in paddy field was completed. Test results showed that during the advance operation and reverse operation, the average value of the ridge firmness was increased with the increase of interval time and the coefficient of variation of the ridge firmness was decreased with the increase of the interval time when the speed was 1.5km/h, 2.0km/h and 2.3km/h. The average value of the ridge side was higher than that of the top of ridge at the same interval time. The stability values of the measured positions of the ridge were not less than 1332kPa. The two methods of operation met the agronomic requirements of paddy fields and the performance of the ridger was stable in the process of advancing and reversing, its ridge had good quality, which was solid and smooth and could meet the requirement of paddy field production.