探出取推钵式蔬菜钵苗取苗机构优化设计与试验

为了提高蔬菜钵苗取苗机械化程度和取苗效率,设计了一种探出取推钵式蔬菜钵苗取苗机构,可实现快速取推钵动作。以大果哈椒钵苗作为取苗对象,分析了取苗机构的工作原理,建立了机构运动学模型,确立其优化目标,运用Visual Basic 6. 0开发可视化辅助分析软件,优化得出满足要求的最佳参数,形成相应的理论轨迹。建立三维模型,对模型进行虚拟仿真设计,得出仿真轨迹。采用3D打印技术进行试验样机制造,运用高速摄影技术提取试验样机实际工作轨迹,验证了实际轨迹与理论轨迹、仿真轨迹的一致性。试验测得实际取苗针最大入钵力,运用相似理论原理,推算出试验样机最大入钵力,并得到钵土最佳基质比为0. 4,进行试验样机取苗试验,取苗成功率为96. 87%,满足蔬菜钵苗取苗要求,验证了机构设计的正确性与可行性。

Optimal Design and Experiment of Vegetable Potted Seedlings Pick-up Mechanism for Exploring and Picking-Pushing Plugs

In order to improve the mechanization degree of vegetable plug seedlings pick up, realize the automatic seedlings pick up of vegetable plug seedlings and improve the seedlings pick up efficiency, a kind of pick up mechanism for exploring and picking pushing vegetable plug seedlings was studied and designed, which can realize the action of picking up and pushing plug seedlings quickly. Big fruit chili plug seedlings were taken as the objects of seedling pick up. The working principle of seedlings pick up mechanism was analyzed, the kinematic model of the mechanism was established, its optimization goal was established, and the visual auxiliary analysis software was developed by using Visual Basic 6.0. the optimum parameters to meet the requirements were optimized and the corresponding theoretical trajectory was formed. The three dimensional model was established, the virtual simulation design of the model was carried out, and the simulation trajectory was obtained. 3D printing technology was used to manufacture the test prototype, and the actual trajectory of the test prototype was extracted by using high speed photography technology, and the consistency between the actual trajectory and the theoretical trajectory and the simulation trajectory was verified. In order to make the effect of the test prototype consistent with the actual mechanism, the maximum entry force of the actual seedling needle was measured, and the maximum pedestal soil force of the test prototype was calculated by using the principle of similarity theory, and the optimum matrix ratio of the plug soil was 0.4. The seedling pick up test was completed. The success rate of seedlings pick up was 96.87%, which met the requirements of vegetable plug seedlings pick up and verified the correctness and feasibility of the mechanism design.