利用微卫星DNA标记分析高原型细毛羊的种质特性

 【目的】利用微卫星DNA遗传标记，分析中国高原型细毛羊品种间的遗传差异，为评价其种质特征、开展品种保护和遗传改良提供依据。【方法】运用15个微卫星DNA标记，以甘肃高山细毛羊和青海细毛羊为研究对象，其它9个绵羊群体为对照，分析群体遗传结构、遗传分化和种质特性。【结果】系统发育分析、主成分分析和群体遗传结构推导均得出一致的结果：即所研究的11个群体可分为3类，其中青海细毛羊和甘肃高山细毛羊聚为一类，具有较近的主成分值，群体遗传结构也较相似。【结论】青海细毛羊和甘肃高山细毛羊具有相似的遗传背景，这与他们的育种历史等一致，表明微卫星DNA标记是研究动物种质特征的可靠遗传标记之一，在未来的品种资源保护和利用中，根据系统保种理论，可将青海细毛羊和甘肃高山细毛羊按一个细毛羊品种来对待。

Assessment of Genetic Relationships Among the Plateau Merino Populations in China Using Microsatellite DNA Markers

【Objective】 Assessment of genetic relationships among the Chinese Plateau Merino breeds was made by using microsatellite DNA markers for the purposes of understanding of their genetic background and providing basic information for supporting conservation of genetic resources and genetic improvement. 【Method】 Using 15 microsatellite DNA markers, the Gansu Alpine Merino and the Qinghai Merino populations were analyzed along with the other two foreign sheep breeds and seven indigenous Chinese sheep populations in order to examine their population genetic structure and differentiation. 【Result】 The phylogenetic analysis, principal component analysis and the Bayesian clustering approach were employed to analyse the data and it was observed that the 11 populations conld be divided into three genetic types. In particular, the Gansu Alpine Merino and Qinghai Merino formed a single cluster. 【Conclusion】 This study, using microsatellite DNA makers, reveals that the Gansu Alpine Merino and Qinghai Merino have a similar genetic background, in alignment with their breeding histories, thus they can be treated as a single genetic unit in future genetic resource conservation and improvement programs.