灌浆后期去叶对夏玉米生长发育及子粒含水率的影响

以郑单1002为材料,设置灌浆中后期(灌浆36 d)不同穗部及穗下不同数量的去叶处理,研究去叶后对玉米群体光合性能、冠层结构、产量以及子粒含水率等的影响。结果表明,穗部叶及穗部以下叶保留3~4片叶,产量不降低;去叶较多情况下表现为减产;不保留穗位叶较对照减产了12.36%,子粒千粒重下降是导致减产的主要原因。去叶后直接导致玉米群体叶面积指数下降,无截取散射略微增加;保留3~4片叶处理,叶片光合性能表现出一定补偿效应,净光合速率高于对照处理,羧化效率略有升高;去叶处理降低灌浆后期子粒含水率,不保留穗位叶片处理较对照处理相比,在灌浆44、52、60 d,子粒含水率分别下降了8.14、8.75、17.84个百分点。

Effect of the Defoliation on the Growth and Development of Summer Maize and the Moisture Content of Grain During the Late Filling Stage

Zhengdan1002 was used as the material, set at late grain filling stage(36 days filling panicle and panicle) different under different number of defoliation, on the defoliation of maize canopy photosynthesis, canopy affect the structure, yield and grain moisture content. The results showed that the panicle and reserve 3-4 leaves, yield was not reduced, leaves under the condition of more performance for the production, not to retain the ear leaf than the control reduced by 12.36%, grain weight decline was the main reason leading to cut; defoliation led directly to the leaf area of maize population index decreased. Scattering without interception slightly increased leaf retention; 3-4, the photosynthetic characteristics of leaves showed a certain compensation effect, the net photosynthetic rate was higher than CK, carboxylation efficiency increased slightly; defoliation decreased at late grain filling stage, grain moisture content, not to retain the ear leaf treatment than the control treatment than in 44, 52 and 60 days, 8.14, 8.75 and 17.84 percentage points respectively decreased the grain moisture content.