天山北麓中段地下水水化学特征及其形成作用

本文通过分析天山北麓中段地下水水化学特征,并对比潜水和承压水水化学特征的异同点,得出结论:(1)地下水化学场受到地质地貌的控制作用,自南向北呈现明显的水平分带性。(2)山前冲洪积扇区,潜水和承压水联系密切,水质好,是城市集中供水水源地的良好选择。(3)细土平原区,潜水沿河道两侧分布着一定宽度的淡水带,反映在一定程度上接受河水的补给。(4)承压水是细土平原区工农业用水的首要选择;沙漠边缘和乌鲁木齐城镇区地下水水质差,不宜利用,可采用地表水或外流域调水。(5)地下水水化学特征的形成是受溶滤作用、蒸发作用和脱硫酸作用以及阳离子交换作用等共同作用的结果。

Hydrochemical Characteristics and Formation Mechanics of Groundwaterin the Middle of Northern Slope of Tianshan Mountains

As a case study of the hydrochemical characteristics in the middle of northern slope of Tianshan,the hydrochemical characteristics of phreatic water and confined water were anslyzed in this paper.The results showed:(1)the hydrochemical characteristics which are controlled by geologic structure and topographical features appear obvious horizontal zonation from south to north.(2)In piedmont alluvial-proluvial fan,phreatic water closely connects with confined water,they are fresh water and the good watershed for centrally municipal water supply.(3) Phreatic water exists a given breadth sweet water zone along the sides of river in alluvial plain,it shows that phreatic water receives a definite degree recharge of stream.(4) Confined water is the first choice for industrial and agricultural water supply in alluvial plain;groundwater quality is so bad not as to utilize in desert edge and Urumuqi city.Surface waters are used in those regions and the other basin.(5) The formation of hydrochemical characteristics are co-controled by the dissolution,the evaporative condensation,the devulcanization and the cation-exchange reactions.