东北草莓×凤梨草莓种间杂种一代的细胞遗传学观察与RAPD分析

以利用我国原产草莓二倍体野生种东北草莓与八倍体栽培种凤梨草莓栽培品种‘圣星’杂交, 通过胚拯救获得的种间杂种为试材, 经体细胞鉴定种间杂交后代为五倍体, 育性差。叶柄茸毛和花梗茸毛与野生种母本东北草莓相近; 花序着生高度部分与母本一致, 部分与父本一致, 各占一半; 植株高度多数介于双亲之间, 趋向于栽培品种。杂交F1代的花粉母细胞减数分裂观察表明, 染色体构型为6.1Ⅰ +10.6Ⅱ + 2.1Ⅲ + 0.35Ⅳ, 后期出现少量畸形多分孢子。RAPD分析表明, 杂种后代具有亲本扩增片段, 后代个体间存在遗传异质性。

Cytogenetics and RAPD Analysis of Interspecific Hybrids from the Cross of Fragaria mandschurica Staudt and F. ananassa Duch.

The interspecific hybrid was obtained from the cross of Fragaria mandschurica Staudt, adip loid species derived from Northeast China, and F. ananassa Duch. (2n = 8x = 56) ‘Shengxing’by usingimmature embryo culture technique. The hybridswere pentap loidswith poor fertility. The morphological characteristics of the hybridswere observed and showed that theywere intermediate between their parents in peduncle height and p lant height, and similar to Fragaria m andschurica in hair on peduncle and petiole. Thehybrids showed expected 35 chromosomes in somatic cells and had a meiotic chromosome association of 6.1Ⅰ+ 10.6 Ⅱ + 2.1 Ⅲ + 0.35 Ⅳ with a few abnormal microspores occurring in tetrad phase. RAPD analysisshowed that the hybrids possessed the specific bands of two parents, and the genetic diversities were foundamong the interspecific hybrid lines.