Dysbiotic gut microbiome: A key element of Crohn's disease |
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| Institution: | 1. Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi Street 46, 1088 Budapest, Hungary;2. 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi Street 46, 1088 Budapest, Hungary;1. Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agropecuária, Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil;2. Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias/Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil;3. Laboratório de Biologia de Tripanosomatídeos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/FioCruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;4. Direcção de Ciências Animais, Maputo, Moçambique;1. 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary;2. Molecular Medicine Research Unit, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, 1051, Hungary;3. Department of Human Morphology and Developmental Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary;1. Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK;2. Immunobiology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK, London Research Institute, London, UK;1. University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, P.O. Box 30001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands;2. K.G. Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre, Department of Immunology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway;3. University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pediatrics, Groningen, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | Since the first publication on “regional ileitis”, the relevance of this chronic inflammatory disease condition termed finally as Crohn's disease is continuously increasing. Although we are beginning to comprehend certain aspects of its pathogenesis, many facets remain unexplored. Host's gut microbiota is involved in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes including immune system development, and pathogen regulation. Further, the microbiome is thought to play a key role in Crohn's disease. The presence of Crohn's-associated variants of NOD2 and ATG16L genes appears to be associated not only with alterations of mucosal barrier functions, and bacterial killing, but the gut microbiota, as well, reflecting a potential relationship between the host's genotype and intestinal dysbiosis, involved in disease etiology. This review aims to characterize some exciting new aspect of Crohn's disease pathology, focusing mainly on the role of intestinal microbes, and their interplay with the immune system of the host. |
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| Keywords: | Gut microbiome Dysbiosis Crohn's disease Pathogenesis Immune system Therapeutic aspects |
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