茶籽苗儿茶素类、嘌呤碱及游离氨基酸分布规律的研究

应用HPLC-PDAD和氨基酸自动分析仪对4～5叶初展的福云6号沙培茶籽苗各部位儿茶素类、嘌呤碱、氨基酸(茶氨酸)进行分析测定。结果表明:儿茶素类、嘌呤碱(咖啡碱、可可碱)主要分布于茶籽苗叶片及嫩茎,子叶下部含量明显降低;EGCG、茶氨酸在茶籽苗嫩叶中含量较高,并随叶片成熟不断减少,但茶氨酸以侧根和主根最为富集,其代谢前体氨基酸(Glu、Ala)在根部亦具较高含量。随着茶籽萌发,茶氨酸在胚根大量合成,初露紫红色嫩茎的茶籽苗根系茶氨酸含量达13.429mg/g鲜重。据此认为培育茶籽及其无性系幼苗,并以幼嫩根系为材料,有望成为茶籽综合利用及天然茶氨酸获取的新途径。

Distribution of Catechins, Purine Alkaloids and Free Amino Acids in Tea Seedlings

Catechins,purine alkaloids and free amino acids in various parts of tea seedlings(Camellia sinensis cv.Fuyun 6) with four or five leaves were analyzed by HPLC-PDAD and amino acid analyzer.The results showed that catechins and purine alkaloids mainly existed in the leaves and tender stems,and less in the parts below cotyledons.There were higher(-)-epigallocatechin gallate and L-theanine contents in the tender leaves,which decreased as they grew up.L-theanine was especially abundant in the roots of tea seedlings,the same to its precursors,glutamic acid and alanine.L-theanine was largely formed in radicles during germination of tea seeds,and reached 13.429 mg/g of fresh weight when purplish red colored stems of tea seedlings came out.Thus,it would be a promising way to obtain natural L-theanine from the tender roots of tea seedlings and its clones.