基于微卫星标记的中国斑翅山鹑遗传多样性及遗传结构分析

斑翅山鹑(Perdix dauuricae)是具有很高经济价值的猎用禽.为了获得其群体遗传多样性及遗传变异信息,为我国斑翅山鹑进一步有效保护和合理利用提供科学依据,本研究共采用了8个微卫星标记位点对分布于我国北方的斑翅山鹑23个地理种群285个个体进行了群体遗传多样性及遗传结构分析.结果表明,我国斑翅山鹑为遗传多样性较丰富的群体,且每一群体均表现出较高的遗传多样性,其中柴达木盆地地区的种群拥有最高的遗传多样性.遗传分化分析显示组间及组内种群间均表现为遗传分化显著,遗传分化系数(FST)值表明大部分种群间表现出显著的遗传分化.系统树构建和贝叶斯聚类分析结果均显示斑翅山鹑23个地理种群被分化为明显的两个组群.另外,通过BOTTLENECK对各地理种群的分析显示斑翅山鹁种群曾经历过近期瓶颈效应.本研究结果表明,柴达木盆地地区种群、华北平原地区种群、静宁种群、张家川种群以及六盘山地区种群应予以相应关注,以保证有足够的种群大小来保持这些种群的遗传多样性.

Genetic diversity and genetic structure of the Daurian Partridge (Perdix dauuricae)in China,assessed by microsatellite variation

The Daurian Partridge(Perdix dauuricae)is a kind of hunting bird with high economic value.Genetic diversity and structure in the Daurian Partridge were studied by analyzing eight microsatellite loci in 23 populations found throughout the range of the species in China.The objectives were to evaluate the consequences on genetic diversity and differentiation of Daurian Partridge populations and to obtain a profound genetic insight for future management decisions and for effective measures to protect and exploit Daurian Partridges.The results showed that microsatellites were polymorphic in all Daurian Partridge populations,with a high level of genetic diversity over all the loci,especially in the Qaidam Basin populations which have the highest level of diversity.Significant genetic divergence was observed among different groups as well as between populations within the same group; most pairwise FST values were highly significant.Both phylogenetic trees and Bayesian clustering analyses revealed clear differentiation among the23 populations of the Daurian Partridge,which were classified into two genetically differentiated groups.A bottleneck analysis indicated that Daurian Partridge populations have experienced a recent bottleneck.Our study argues that the Qaidam populations,North China populations,JN population,ZJC population,and Liupan Mountain populations should be paid special attention in order to retain adequate population sizes for maintaining genetic diversity.