饲料中添加复合植物提取物对大口黑鲈生长性能、血清生化指标和肝脏、肠道健康的影响

大口黑鲈糖代谢能力差,如何通过营养手段改善高糖水平下大口黑鲈的肝糖应激及炎症反应,成为近年来的研究热点。本文旨在研究饲料中添加由桑叶黄酮、栗木单宁和桑叶多糖组成的复合植物提取物对大口黑鲈生长性能、血清生化指标和肝、肠道健康的影响。在基础饲料中分别添加0.1%、0.2%的复合植物提取物配制3组等氮等脂饲料(J0、J1、J2)。饲喂大口黑鲈56天。结果表明：与J0组相比,J2组可显著提高大口黑鲈的末均重、增重率及特定生长率(P<0.05)；J0~J2组大口黑鲈机体粗脂肪、水分、粗灰分、钙和总磷,肥满度、脏体比均无显著差异(P>0.05),粗蛋白含量随着复合植物提取物添加量的增加呈上升趋势,J2组显著高于J0组(P<0.05)；J1~J2组肝体比显著降低,血清白蛋白含量和白蛋白/球蛋白值显著提高,J2组血清球蛋白含量显著降低,J1~J2组血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性和血糖含量显著降低(P<0.05)；J1~J2组胆固醇和甘油三脂含量呈降低趋势,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈升高趋势(P>0.05)；J1~J2组肝脂空泡化程度显著降低,肠道绒毛高度显著降低(P<0.05)。由此得出,饲料中添加复合植物提取物能显著提高大口黑鲈的生长性能和改善其肝脏健康。研究结果为复合植物提取物在大口黑鲈饲料中的应用效果评价提供理了理论依据,并为大口黑鲈饲料配方优化提供参考资料。

Effects of plant extract compound on growth performance, serum biochemical indices, liver and intestinal health of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)

Largemouth bass has poor glucose metabolism. How to improve liver sugar stress and inflammatory response of largemouth bass under high glucose level by nutritional means has become a research hotspot in recent years. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary compound plant extracts, including mulberry leaf flavonoids, chestnut leaf tannin and mulberry leaf polysaccharide, on growth performance, serum biochemical indices, liver and intestinal health of largemouth bass. Three groups of isonitrogenous and lipid diets were prepared by adding 0.1% and 0.2% compound plant extracts into the basal diet J0, respectively. Feeding largemouth bass for 56 days. The results showed as follows: compared with the J0 group, the J2 group could significantly increase the final average weight, weight gain rate and specific growth rate of largemouth bass(P<0.05); There were no significant differences in body ether extract, water content, ash content, calcium and total phosphorus in J0~J2 groups (P>0.05), the crude protein content in J2 group was significantly higher than that in J0 group (P<0.05); Hepatosomatic ratio, serum albumin content and albumin/globulin value in J1~J2 groups were significantly decreased, serum globulin content in J2 group was significantly decreased, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase and glutamic oxalacetic transaminase activities and blood glucose content in J1~J2 groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05);. The contents of cholesterol and triglyceride in the J1~J2 groups were decreased, while the contents of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were increased(P>0.05). The degree of hepatic lipid vacuolation and intestinal villus height were significantly decreased in the J1~J2 groups(P<0.05). In conclusion, compound plant extracts can significantly improve the growth performance and liver health of largemouth bass.The results provided a theoretical basis for evaluating the effects of compound plant extracts in the diet of largemouth bass, and provided reference for the optimization of the diet formula of largemouth bass.