大西洋延绳钓渔获物常见种类的生态风险评估

生态风险评估是迈向生态系统水平渔业管理的关键环节。基于生产力-敏感性指数(productivity and susceptibility analysis,PSA)对大西洋金枪鱼延绳钓渔获物中的12个种群进行了生态风险分析。结果显示,生产力得分为1.20~2.05,以鲣鱼(Katsuwonus pelamis)最高;敏感性得分为1.42~1.92,以大眼金枪鱼(Thunnus obesus)得分最高;脆弱性得分为1.16~1.85,以长鳍真鲨(Carcharhinus longimauns)得分最高。生态风险评估表明,在热带大西洋延绳钓渔业中,鲨鱼大青鲨(Prionace glauca)、大眼长尾鲨(Alopias superciliosus)、尖吻鲭鲨(Isurus oxyrinchus)、长鳍鲭鲨(Isurus paucus)、长鳍真鲨(Thunnus alalunga)和锤头双髻鲨(Sphyrna zygaena)]处于中等风险状态,而目标鱼种——大眼金枪鱼处于低风险状态。此外,目标鱼种和其他鱼种的生产力得分、敏感性得分和脆弱性得分之间不存在显著性差异(P0.05)。

Population ecological risk assessment of the common species of catches of the longline fishery in Atlantic Ocean

Ecological risk assessment (ERA) is a key part of ecosystem level fisheries management. Based on productivity and sensitivity analysis (PSA) method, ecological risk assessment of 12 species caught in tuna longline fishery was conducted. The result showed that the productivity score ranged from 1.2 to 2.05,with Skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis) having the highest score; sensitivity score ranged from 1.42 to 1.92, bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) having the highest score; vulnerability score ranged from 1.16 to 1.85, longfin mako shark (Carcharhinus longimauns) having the highest score. Ecological risk assessment indicated that Sharks (blue shark (Prionace glauca), bigeye thresher shark (Alopias superciliosus), shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus), longfin mako shark (Isurus paucus ), Oceanic whitetip shark(Thunnus alalunga), smooth hammerhead (Sphyrna zygaena) were in moderate risk status, while the target species-bigeye tuna was in a low-risk status in the tropical Atlantic longline fishery. In addition, There was no significant difference(P>0.05) between target species and other fish species on productivity, susceptibility and vulnerability scores.