不同抗性小麦品种与蚕豆间作对小麦根际速效养分含量的影响

通过田间试验研究了3个对白粉病抗性不同的小麦品种93-124(低抗)、云麦-47(高抗)和云麦-42(中抗)分别与蚕豆间作对小麦不同生育期根际速效氮、磷、钾养分的影响差异。结果表明,在单作条件下,不同抗性小麦品种间根际速效氮含量和根际速效钾含量在各生育期均无显著差异,根际有效磷含量在分蘖、拔节、抽穗期无显著差异,灌浆期93-124根际有效磷含量显著高于云麦-42。小麦蚕豆间作显著提高了分蘖、拔节和抽穗期小麦根际土壤速效氮、磷、钾含量,降低了成熟期根际速效氮、有效磷含量。在分蘖至抽穗期,与单作相比,93-124、云麦-47和云麦-42的根际碱解氮含量分别提高了23.16%~46.90%、23.74%~31.78%和11.23%~22.44%间作93-124的根际有效磷含量提高了35.26%~59.63%;间作云麦-47根际速效钾提高了10.87%~57.59%。间作提高根际速效氮、磷养分的效应以93-124最高,间作提高根际速效钾的效应以云麦-47最高。小麦蚕豆间作具有显著的产量优势,93-124、云麦-47和云麦-42的LER(土地当量比)分别为1.01,1.20和1.14。

Effects of Intercropping with different Resistant Wheat Varieties and Faba Beans on Available Nutrient Content in the Rhizosphere

Field experiment was conducted to study effects of the intercropping with three different powdery mildew resistant strains wheat of 93-124(low resistance),YM47(high resistance) and YM42(medium resistance) and faba bean on the available nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P) and potassium(K) contents in the rhizosphere at different growth stages.The results showed that,under monocropping,no significant difference of available nitrogen or potassium content was detected in rhizosphere between different resistant wheat varieties across the whole growth period.And no significant difference of available phosphorus in rhizosphere was observed at the stages of tillering,jointing,heading between different varieties,while the phosphorus content in filling was significantly higher in 93-124 than YM-42.Wheat and faba bean intercropping significantly increased the available nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium content in rhizosphere at the stages of tillering,jointing and heading,and decreased the available nitrogen and phosphorus contents in the rhizosphere at the ripening stage.Between tillering and heading,compared to monocropping,the available nitrogen content in the rhizosphere of 93-124,YM47 and YM42 intercropping systems were increased by 23.16%-46.90%,23.74%-31.78% and 11.23%-22.44%,respectively;the available phosphorus content in 93-124 rhizosphere increased by 35.26%-59.63%;available potassium in YM47 rhizosphere increased by10.87%-57.59%.The intercropping most effectively increased rhizosphere available nitrogen and phosphorus of 93-124,and the available potassium of YM47.And the intercropping with wheat and faba bean had significant advantages of high yield,as the land equivalent ratios of 93-124,YM47 and YM42 were separately 1.01,1.20 and 1.14.