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Co-composting of lignin to build up humic substances—Strategies in waste management to improve compost quality
Authors:E Smidt  K Meissl  M Schmutzer  B Hinterstoisser
Institution:1. Institute of Waste Management, Muthgasse 107, 1190 Vienna, Austria;2. Institute of Wood Science and Technology, Peter Jordanstraße 82, 1190 Vienna, BOKU – University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria;3. Institute of Chemical Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria;1. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00, Czech Republic;2. Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic;3. Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic;4. Central European Institute of Technology, Brno, University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, Brno CZ-616 00, Czech Republic;1. College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;3. Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture, Beijing 100012, China;4. School of Environment and State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;5. College of Environmental and Resource Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China;2. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China;3. Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
Abstract:Co-composting of different lignin sources with biogenic waste from the separate collection in Vienna was carried out in lab-scale experiments to promote humification as lignin is known to be a precursor molecule of humic substances. Humification is a target to be reached by composting due to the favorable properties for soils and plants. Extractable humic acids have been proved to be a suitable parameter to assess humification. Biogenic waste was used as a reference and basic material for co-composting of lignin. Lignin from different origins and composition was added: microbiologically degraded wood and lignin powder from industrial processes. Preliminary results show that addition of 2–5% of lignin powder could improve humic acid formation. Microbiologically degraded wood did not effect higher humic acid contents within the short time of lab-scale composting.Humic acid determination is based on photometrical investigations. To ensure that humic acid contents were not pretended by the presence of lignin, quality control was carried out using FT-IR spectroscopy and thermal analysis. The results obtained showed that lignin had been integrated in the humic acid molecule.
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