黑麦草培肥细质沙土的初步研究

黑麦草Lolium是禾本科黑麦草属植物,其根系发达,在0～30cm的土层中,总根量(2505kghm-2)是小麦总根量(960kghm-2)的2.61倍,其根系富含磷、钾营养,长期施用既可以增加土壤氮素,也有利于土壤磷、钾含量的增加。黑麦草轮作中土壤有机质含量比小麦轮作高4.48%,土壤碱解氮和速效钾含量也分别高30.70%和41.37%,说明黑麦草根茬对增加土壤养分、培肥地力作用显著。与3%麦秸相比,施用黑麦草对形成各种形态腐殖质的作用均较大;与羊粪相比,施用相同水平的黑麦草对形成松结态腐殖质的作用更大,而对形成紧结态腐殖质的作用相当;与腐殖酸铵相比较,施用相同水平的黑麦草对形成松结态腐殖质的作用较小,而对形成紧结态腐殖质的作用则较大。施用不同水平的黑麦草比施用相应水平的羊粪和3%麦秸的原土复合度为高;但其原土复合量有高有低。与腐殖酸铵相比较,施用黑麦草有利于提高原土复合量,但对原土复合度的影响不大。

Original Study on Fertilizing Lolium on a Fine Sand Soil

Lolium is one of gramineous crops, with bulking roots,which (2505kg hm~(-2)) is 1.61 times more than the wheat roots amounts, and the roots contain abundant phosphorus(P) and potassium(K) nutrients. The contents of organic matter(C), P, and K in the rotation which lolium participated in were 4.48%, 30.70% and 41.37% more than those in the rotation, which wheat participated in respectively.The finding shows that lolium root is important to increase soil nutrient. Lolium root is also important to form differant types of humus. The soil complex degree after fertilizing different amounts,of Lolium was more important than that of fertilizing sheep dejecta and 3% straw, but the soil degree was fluctuant.