北京房山区草莓根腐病病原菌分离鉴定及室内毒力测定

【目的】明确北京市房山区草莓主栽品种根腐病致病菌的优势菌种并筛选出适宜的防治药剂。【方法】2014年6月—2015年10月于北京市房山区长阳镇夏场村和康奇草莓种植园采集染病的红颜草莓作为试验样本材料,采用常规组织分离分离病原菌;采用针刺回接法和伤根回接法对比证病;采用ITSrDNA分子测序和形态学相结合的方法鉴定病菌;采用生长速率法进行药剂对根腐病病原菌的室内毒力测定。同时结合田间防治试验筛选出适宜的防治药剂。【结果】明确了引起房山区草莓根腐病的主要病原物为立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solanisp),参试的8种药剂对其抑制效果差异较大,其中抑制效果最好的有甲基硫菌灵和杀毒矾,EC50值分别为6.597 7和20.835 4。其次是枯草芽孢杆菌、哈茨木霉和寡雄腐霉,EC50值分别为120.650 3、185.033 1和244.262 8。从长远的发展角度来看,相比化学农药,生物菌剂可以更合理的改良土壤。【结论】北京房山区草莓主栽品种根腐病主要致病菌的确定以及相关药剂试验,为不同地区、不同品种的草莓根腐病的致病菌研究补充了新的资料和数据,同时为针对性防治草莓根腐病提供了依据。

Virulence determination indoor of strawberry root rot pathogen isolation and identification of Fangshan district Beijing

Objective]To clearify the dominant species of root rot pathogens of strawberry cultivars and screen out the suitable control agents in Beijing Fangshan District.Methods] From June 2014 to October 2015,the test samples red strawberry was collected in Changyang Town and the Kangqi strawberry plantation in Beijing Fangshan District.The tissue separation method was used to separate the pathogens.The wound healing method was used to compare the pathogenicity.The ITSrDNA molecular sequencing and morphological methods was used to identifiy the pathogens.The growth rate method was used to determined that phytotoxicity to the indoor virulence of root rot disease pathogen,at the same time,combined with the field control test to screen out the suitable control agents.Results]The results showed that Rhizoctonia solanisp was the main pathogen of strawberry root rot in Fangshan area,the inhibitory effect of eight kinds of pesticides was different,and the best inhibitory effect was methotrexate and antivirus alum,EC50 values were 6.5977 and 20.8354,respectively.Followed by Bacillus subtilis,Trichoderma harzianum and Phytophthora capsici,EC50 values were 120.6503,185.0331 and 244.2628.From the perspective of long-term development,compared to chemical pesticides,biological agents can be more reasonable to improve the soil and avoid soil deterioration.Conclusion]The determination of the main pathogens of root rot and the related pesticide tests in Beijing Fangshan area,supplemented the new data for the different pathogens of strawberry root rot in different regions,and provided a basis for the prevention and control Strawberry root rot.